A gate valve is a gate with an opening and closing element, and its movement direction is perpendicular to the direction of the fluid. The gate valve can only be fully opened and fully closed, and cannot be adjusted or throttled. Gate valves are sealed by the contact between the valve seat and the gate plate. Usually, the sealing surface is welded with metal materials to increase wear resistance, such as 1Cr13, STL6, stainless steel, etc. There are rigid and elastic gate valves, and gate valves are divided into rigid gate valves and elastic gate valves according to the different types of gates.

闸阀的启闭件是闸板，闸板的运动方向与流体方向相垂直，闸阀只能作全开和全关，不能作调节和节流。闸板有两个密封面，更常用的模式闸板阀的两个密封面形成楔形、楔形角随阀门参数而异，通常为5°，介质温度不高时为2°52'。楔式闸阀的闸板可以做成一个整体，叫做刚性闸板；也可以做成能产生微量变形的闸板，以改善其工艺性，弥补密封面角度在加工过程中产生的偏差，这种闸板叫做弹性闸板。

The opening and closing component of the gate valve is the gate, and the movement direction of the gate is perpendicular to the direction of the fluid. The gate valve can only be fully opened and fully closed, and cannot be adjusted or throttled. The gate has two sealing surfaces, and the most commonly used mode is that the two sealing surfaces of the gate valve form a wedge shape. The wedge angle varies depending on the valve parameters, usually 5 °, and when the medium temperature is not high, it is 2 ° 52 '. The gate plate of a wedge gate valve can be made into a whole, called a rigid gate plate; It can also be made into a gate that can produce slight deformation to improve its processability and compensate for the deviation of the sealing surface angle during the processing. This type of gate is called an elastic gate.

闸阀关闭时，密封面可以只依靠介质压力来密封，即依靠介质压力将闸板的密封面压向另一侧的阀座来保证密封面的密封，这就是自密封。大部分闸阀是采用强制密封的，即阀门关闭时，要依靠外力强行将闸板压向阀座，以保证密封面的密封性。闸阀的闸板随阀杆一起作直线运动的，叫升降杆闸阀，亦叫明杆闸阀。通常在升降杆上有梯形螺纹，通过阀门顶端的螺母以及阀体上的导槽，将旋转运动变为直线运动，也就是将操作转矩变为操作推力。

When the gate valve is closed, the sealing surface can only rely on medium pressure to seal, that is, relying on medium pressure to press the sealing surface of the gate plate towards the other side of the valve seat to ensure the sealing surface, which is self sealing. Most gate valves use forced sealing, which means that when the valve is closed, external force is used to forcefully press the gate plate towards the valve seat to ensure the sealing surface is sealed. The gate plate of a gate valve moves in a straight line with the valve stem, which is called a rising stem gate valve, also known as a rising stem gate valve. Usually, there is a trapezoidal thread on the lifting rod, which transforms the rotating motion into linear motion through the nut at the top of the valve and the guide groove on the valve body, that is, the operating torque is converted into the operating thrust.

开启阀门时，当闸板提升高度等于阀门通径的1：1倍时，流体的通道完全畅通，但在运行时，此位置是无法监视的。实际使用时，是以阀杆的顶点作为标志，即开不动的位置，作为它的全开位置。

When opening the valve, when the lifting height of the gate is equal to 1:1 times the valve diameter, the fluid channel is completely unobstructed, but this position cannot be monitored during operation. In actual use, the vertex of the valve stem is used as the mark, that is, the position that cannot be opened, as its fully open position.

为考虑温度变化出现锁死现象，通常在开到顶点位置上，再倒回1/2－1圈，作为全开阀门的位置。因此，阀门的全开位置，按闸板的位置即行程来确定。有的闸阀，阀杆螺母设在闸板上，手轮转动带动阀杆转动，而使闸板提升，这种阀门叫做旋转杆闸阀，或叫暗杆闸阀。

To consider the phenomenon of lockup due to temperature changes, it is usually done by turning back 1/2 to 1 turn at the top position as the fully open valve position. Therefore, the fully open position of the valve is determined based on the position of the gate, i.e. the stroke. Some gate valves have a stem nut located on the gate, and the handwheel rotates to drive the stem to rotate, causing the gate to lift. This type of valve is called a rotary stem gate valve, or a non rising stem gate valve.

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